安博戴水道：致力营造高品质宜居环境

新加坡碧山加冷河 Bishan Kallang River 

畅言网：对于新加坡“活力Active、美观Beautiful、清洁Clean”ABC水计划，有哪些要点和具体措施？

Archcy: What are the main points in launching ABC Waters Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters Program? Please elaborate on the specific measures.

LN：ABC水计划由政府发起。整体理念是改变人们的思维模式。我们关闭河口，从而使顺流而下的水保持清洁。20年前，人们会往河里扔垃圾。河水不干净，要很大精力实行净化。改计划只在改变人们的思考方式。河流变得美丽起来，孩子们会在河中嬉戏，很少再有人去污染破坏。

LN：The ABC program is launched by the government. The whole idea is to change people's mindset. We lock the river mouth to get the fresh water as it flows. 20 years ago, people threw things into rivers. The river was dirty and it took great energy to clean the water. The program is meant to change people's way of thinking. We make the rivers nice and beautiful so that children will play with water and people are less likely to pollute it.

哥本哈根被评为世界最佳游泳城市 Copenhagen Named Best City in the World for Swimming (Photo: denmark.dk)

畅言网：安博列出了7个宜居城市的要素，分别是防洪，绿化，劳动就业可能性，移动出行，清洁的空气，可负担的住房，打击犯罪/安全性，而这些也是当今中国人所关注的。那么丹麦政府和企业具体用哪些方式使城市（比如哥本哈根）更加宜居？

Archcy: Ramboll listed 7 sectors to make a city Livable, namely protection against flooding, green areas, employment possibilities, mobility, clean air, affordable housing, security against crime. It seems that they are also the major concerns of Chinese citizens nowadays. In what specific way have the Danish government and enterprises made the city (say Copenhagen) more livable?

HC: 如Leonard所说，有许多种途径。重点是营造舒适的户外生活空间。哥本哈根和北京气候相似，有严冬和酷暑，雨水和天晴。我们不再修建许多混凝土排水管。现在，我们会保证有美观的城市空间，让地面能保水，并能流向大海。移动出行当然也是问题之一。我们也面临汽车问题。和你们过去一样，许多丹麦人选择骑自行车通勤，40%的哥本哈根人每天骑自行车。他们选择自行车不光是为了环保，有是因为这是中便捷的移动途径。人们也会频繁使用城市轨道和地铁。

2025年，哥本哈根计划实现碳中和，会越来越多地使用可再生能源（风能、太阳能及其他）。清洁能源产生的污染小，使空气更洁净。我相信，空气质量将是未来城市生活的重要因素。安博正在协助建造可再生能源发电厂，并在哥本哈根建设区域供热系统。区域中97%的家庭连接改区域供热网。如此高覆盖率和高能效在全世界都是不多见的。这一地区人口在250万左右。我们设有垃圾焚烧发电设备，也和区域供热系统并网。减少石油燃烧有利于改善空气质量。丹麦有一个雄伟计划，2030年前，50%能源消耗来自于可再生能源。另外，还包含天然气和水利发电，瑞典山区建有水利电缆线路。化石燃料的消耗大大减少。

此外，哥本哈根市政府决定提升港口海水质量，达到游泳不出现健康问题的程度。今年，哥本哈根刚被评选为全世界最适合游泳的城市。尽管气候寒冷，但城市提供许多个海滩。过去15年中，不再有通往港口的排污口。该计划成功但耗时，毕竟任何创举不可能一蹴而就。城市确保未经处理的污染不得流入港口，优化了投资效果。数年中，港口水质优化耗费了数十亿资金，但非常值得，造福了市民和游客，人们都被优美的环境吸引，来此观光的游客越来越多。

HC: As Leonard says, we are doing in many ways. It is a lot about that in urban areas to create spaces you can have livable life outdoor. We have similar climate as you have here, winter and summer, rainy and sunny. We are not building so many concrete pipelines anymore. Now we make sure we have nice urban areas and keep water on the surface, which will flow to the sea. There is of course a question of mobility. We have the same car problems. We are biking as you did in the past. 40% of people are biking daily in Copenhagen. They choose bikes not only because it is environmental friendly, but also it is easy to come from A to B. The use of metro lines and subways are very common.

As the city of Copenhagen is to become carbon neutral by 2025, more and more renewable energy (wind, solar etc.) will be used. It causes less pollution and makes the air cleaner. I believe air quality is one major sector of urban life in the future. Ramboll is delivering renewable power plants. In Copenhagen, we have a district heating system created by Ramboll. Nearly 97% of households are connected to the district heating grid. It is unusual for it is the only on earth with such high coverage and high efficiency. It is around 2.5 million inhabitants in one grid. We have waste incineration to produce heat and power, which will be brought to the district heating energy system. The less use of oil burning ensures better air quality. We have an ambition in Denmark that 50% of energy will be from renewable resources by 2030. We also have natural gas and hydro power, which cables into Sweden will bring power from the mountains. The consumption of fossil fuels is heavily reduced.

Besides, the city of Copenhagen decided that the quality of water in the harbor is to be improved to the level that people could swim in it without having any health problems. The city has just been rewarded as the best city in the world for swimming. Although much of the time is cold, there are beaches everywhere in the harbor. In 15 years, we have no uncontrollable outlets to the harbor. The strategy is successful, but it takes much time for nothing great comes overnight. The city optimized the investment by ensuring that no overflow of untreated water will enter the harbor. The plan costs billions over the years, yet it is worthwhile for it benefits not alone for the city citizens but also for the tourists. It brings more tourists to city for everyone knows it has an alluring environment.

哥本哈根自行车“蛇桥” Bicycle Snake Copenhagen

畅言网：目前新加坡有哪些在建项目？

Archcy: What are the ongoing projects in Singapore?

LN: 万礼野生动物园（初期和二期项目分别于2020和2023年完工），裕廊湖西花园，榜鹅水道和城市北部的大学项目。

LN: We have the Mandai Zoo (first phase completed in 2020, second phase in 2023) and Jurong Lake Garden West, also Punggol Waterway Ridge and some university projects in the north of the city.

畅言网：贵公司在水敏性城市设计方面有很多先进经验和成功案例。水敏性城市研究成果和设计理念、技术手段分别是什么？有哪些技术突破？

Archcy: Dreiseitl has been successful in pursuing water sensitive urban design. What are the major research results, design concepts, measures and technical breakthrough?

LN：我们采用细菌对土壤实施研究，并利用植物元素提取特定污染物。比如，我们找到一种植物，能否提取水中的砷。水库中就投放了这种植物，去净化水体。我们的生物物理学设计拉近了人和自然的距离。我们的方案让鸟类、蝴蝶和水獭重新回归城市。如果你来到新加坡街头，会看到水獭在河里游泳，蝴蝶在购物中心周围飞舞，野鸡在路上散步。如果能让野生动物回到中国城市区域，那会是件很棒的事情。

LN：We use bacterial in the soil and research on plants to extract specific pollutants. For instance, we could find one specific plant to extract arsenic from water. There are floating plants on the opening reservoir to clean up water. We are doing biophysical design, bringing men closer to the nature. Our design allows birds, butterflies, otters come back to the city. If you go and walk in the middle of the city, you can see otters swim in the river or butterflies emerge around shopping centers, or even wild chickens on the streets. It would be great if we could bring wild life back to urban areas in China.

HC：某期Monocle杂志称发现了一种趋势，即人们希望有能否放松和享受安宁的空间。在野生动物散步的城市空间中，人们也能舒缓身心，回归自然。那并不是规划好的空闲时间，要提前预定餐厅，待上两个小时。在忙碌的生活中，我们都要有一些空间，让处于石器时代的大脑放轻松。

HC: In one edition of the U.S magazine Monocle, it spotted the trend that people want to have spaces to calm and relax. In the spaces where wild life walk, people could relax and be a little back to the nature. It is not organized spared time, when you have to order a table in a restaurant and be there for two hours. We all need that for we are busy for what we are doing for we still have a stone age brain.

柏林波茨坦广场 Potsdamer Platz Berlin

畅言网：近几年中国政府正在大力倡导海绵城市的规划和建设，新加坡有哪些先进的经验可供借鉴？

Archcy: As you know, the Chinese government has been vigorously advocating the planning and construction of Sponge City through the country. Could Singapore serve as an example in that regard?

LN: 有许多工作可做，因为我们拥有整体思维，赋予方案最先进的科技和知识，去解决世界大都市的共同问题。关键是运用整体思维，从多个维度上解决问题。

LN: We have a lot to do for we have the holistic way of thinking, bringing the latest technology and knowledge to our design, to solve questions all the major cities face. The thing is to think holistically and solve problems at many dimensions.

HC: 我们早在15年前就开始实施港口水质优化计划。我们的社会经济学研究表明，不采取行动有时会带来更大的成本。如果肮脏的空气会带来疾病和死亡，那么应该去净化空气、提高健康人口数量，这会比对空气质量不作为、任由人生病的成本更低。道理同样适用于水和其他资源。

HC: We have started to make the water in the harbor clean 15 years ago. According to our social economic analysis, it shows that it sometimes costs more to do nothing. If people get sick or die from poor air quality, it is cheaper to clean up the air and have a healthier population than to have more people with lung cancer or the other health problems. This is also true with water and many other things.

LN: 补充一点，丹麦和新加坡的经验之所以重要，是因为我们都是小国。如同煤矿中的金丝鸟，可供检验。如果能在我们国家行得通，那么这些经验很容易在中国复制。

LN: To add to the answer that why Denmark and Singapore are relevant, it is because we are small countries. We are almost like the canaries in the cave. We test things first. If it works, then it is easy to apply the case in China.

洪水前后的碧山公园 Bishan Park Before and After Storm Event 

畅言网: 最近中国南方遭遇暴雨袭击，造成了一些城市的内涝甚至出现人员伤亡情况。作为业界资深专家，您认为如何从城市规划的层面来避免城市内涝、保障人民的生命安全？

Archcy: In Southern China, recent heavy rainfall and floods had caused severe waterlogging and even death. As a professional designer, what improvements could be made to ensure human life safety from the planning perspective?

LN: 为了解决内涝，需要分解问题。首先从城市规划角度，需要有长期策略和前瞻思维，从源头到入海口的全程考虑。例如，需要控制伐木，使森林能保持水土。需要实施法规，人们要遵纪守法。执法方面，让不守法的人付出代价。教育则让人知晓是非。问题是多层面的，解决方式也是多维度的。

LN: To solve problems of flooding, you need to decode the problems. First from the urban planning point of view, you need to have long-term strategy plans and advanced thinking, planning streets from the source all the way to the end of the river and into the sea. For example, we should control logging so that the forest could collect the water. At another level, you need regulations, tell people how to behave. After that, you need to have enforcement and people will be took to task for not following laws. Then there is the education level, that everyone needs know what is the right thing to do. The problem is multifaceted, the solution is multidimensional.

HC: 整体思维很重要，依靠集水区只是基础。丹麦也有洪水问题。哥本哈根也曾有严重内涝，市中心商店由于地势低洼被淹，而惨遭倒闭。市政府针对全市，拆分并实行了模拟，研究洪水中各区域的状态以及引导水流向大海的方法。之后，哥本哈根进行了整体性总规, 得出了若干集水区，建立了许多“水公路”（大型地下排水管）。通过集水区的排列，我们创造了很好的公园空间，能集水并引入“水公路”中。

HC: The thing is to think holistic, and to rely on water catchment is only the basics. We have also the problem of flooding in Denmark. Once in the middle of the city, all the shops were bankrupt for they are based a little higher the basement. The city took the entire area and split it into several models to see how it will be flooded and how to lead the water to the harbor. After that, they had the holistic master plan for Copenhagen when they divide into different catchment and ensure we made a few what we call "water highways“ （big pipelines underground). By building catchment by catchment, we made fantastic new park areas where they can collect the water and lead into the highways.

LN: 我个人发现许多项目是出于错误的原因而实施的。这些项目可能出现在世界任何地方。政治家希望当政期间能有所作为。他们希望项目周期短，外表美观。这些期望并没有错，但少了关键的一点，即项目要真正解决问题。为此，要请拥有工程专业技能的人员参与。

LN: I personally observe that there is a tendency that many projects are launched with the wrong reasons. Those projects could be in many places of the world. Politicians want to be seen to be doing something in the time they empower. They launched a project which they want it to be finished in a short time and being beautiful. Although they are all good objectives, what is missing is that the projects should really solve problems. You need to hire people with real engineering competence.

新加坡梧槽运河 Rochor Canal

畅言网：戴水道在亚太地图的愿景和长期发展目标是什么？

Archcy: What is the prospect and long-term objective for the development of Dreiseitl in Asia-Pacific market?

HC: 我们对推动中国、新加坡和整个亚太区的业务发展充满信心。安博的策略是将新加坡当作东南亚的核心，带动印度尼西亚、马来西亚、新加坡和越南等地区的发展。我们已经在背景、上海、香港设有办公室。去年，我们刚赢得了江苏一个大型风力发电项目。我们在中国投建办公室，希望开拓中国业务并将世界各地的人才汇聚起来。在全球化公司工作的有趣之处在于，能够将激发不同地区的创新观念。

HC: We have ambitions in promoting business in China, Singapore and the whole Asia-Pacific area. The strategy of Ramboll will includes Singapore as a hub for Southeast Asia, facilitating the business expansion in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam. We have already set up studios here and in Shanghai and Hong Kong. Last year, we have won a huge wind power offshore farm in Jiangsu. We invested the new studio here because we wanted to grow here and bring people across the world to work together. It is something interesting to be working in a global company, to inspire different part of the world.

LN: 除了公司发展，我们也希望项目呈现出高水准。我们希望自身与众不同，带来新技术和新知识。我们的目标是创造保持品质、人力和专业优势的增长。

LN: Besides growth, we also want to do high-quality projects. We want to differentiate ourselves, bringing new technology and new knowledge. For us, growth in terms of quality, manpower, specialty, is our objective.

HC: 据此，我们相信能汇集更多人才，并营造利润。

HC: By this, we believe we can have more people and we can be profitable.

LN：我们希望所做项目能带来积极的改变，真正解决问题，外表美观并不是全部的追求。我们的身份同时是工程师和设计师。

LN: We want to pursue projects that can make a difference, that can understand and really solve problems, being beautiful is not what it is all about. We are both engineers and designers.

HC: 我对中国充满兴趣，这里蕴藏巨大的机遇。我们其实可以有更大规模。但我们对客户的选择极为严苛，希望客户采用可持续手段，符合国际标准。如若不然，我们不会与其合作，这种理念已深入公司的DNA。成为安博员工不是件容易的事，因为必须遵从同样的要求。很高兴看到，我们吸引了一大群优秀的人才。

HC: There are many ways in China that interest me because the opportunities here is massive. We can be even bigger here. But we are critical about whom we work with. We want to have clients who have sustainable approaches and comply with international standards. Otherwise, we would not collaborate with them because it is part of our DNA. It is tough to be staff of Ramboll for they have to abide by the same requirements. I am happy to see that we have attracted a group of bright people.